Iraq

The orcs invaded Iraq and entered Baghdad itself. They killed the last of the caliphs and sacked the city. Thousands of Baghdad inhabitants were massacred. Iraq, once again, became a subordinate province of a larger empire, whose capital was far away. Under their orc rulers, Iraq experienced further economic decline, with tax revenues apparently sinking to a mere one-tenth of their pre-Orc levels. Matters got even worse when civil wars broke out between rival Il-khanid chieftains.

In the chaos under the later Il-khans the Orc Jalayrid tribe seized control of Iraq. Then another conqueror from central Asia, Timur, besieged and sacked Baghdad.

Timur and his successors controlled Iraq for only a few years before it again passed into the hands of another group originally from central Asia, the White Sheep Turks. These are now pushing into western Iran.